经常在EHS微信群上看到关于hazard与risk的各种讨论，其实对于很多非EHS专业的人而言，确实可能会将两者相混淆。 hazard？risk？两者的区别在哪？有点搞不懂呢？来看双语讲解吧！ 双语文稿： What's the difference between a hazard and a risk? 隐患（hazard）与风险（risk）的区别是什么? Easy question? Apparently not! 很简单的问题吗？当然不是！ There appears to be some confusion between the two. 在隐患（hazard）与风险（risk）之间，似乎会有一些混淆。 A hazard can be identified as anything which can cause harm. 隐患（hazard），用以识别出会造成伤害的任何事物。 A risk is the potential that a hazard will cause harm. 风险（risk），则指的是隐患（hazard）造成伤害的可能性。 This ladder is our hazard. Climbing the ladder, and falling off, this is a risk. This plane is a hazard. Flying the plane in a thunderstorm and crashing is a risk. This hammer is a hazard. Using it and injuring oneself is a risk. 在这，梯子是隐患（hazard），而爬梯子坠落则属于风险（risk）。同样，在这，飞机是隐患（hazard），而飞机在雷暴雨中飞行，并坠机，这属于风险（risk）。这里有一把锤子，使用锤子伤害到了某人自己，这叫风险（risk）。 Okay! So now we understand the difference between a hazard and a risk. How then do we assess the specific risk that has imposes? 好，现在我们已经了解了隐患（hazard）与风险（risk）之间的差异。那么，我们如何评估所遭受的具体风险呢？ First, where says how likely it is that someone will be exposed to the hazard. The likelihood will depend upon the probability and the frequency of exposure to a hazard. We also assess the likely outcome, the severity, or range of the potential consequences resulting from the hazard. 首先，某个人暴露在隐患（hazard）中的可能性有多大。这里的可能性，取决于暴露到隐患（hazard）的概率和频次。我们也要评估可能的结果、严重程度，或者隐患（hazard）所带来的潜在后果的范围。 An example, the hazard in this case is a poisonous black spider contained in a closed jar. Reaching the hazard- the spider, against the severity and probability scale, we'd most likely say the risk of harm to the person is minor and remote. Change the circumstances, and the poisonous spider is outside the jar. We change the risk rating to probable and imminent danger. 举个例子，在这，密封的罐子中的黑色毒蜘蛛是隐患（hazard）。谈到作为隐患（hazard）的毒蜘蛛，无论是从严重程度上，还是从概率上来讲，我们很可能会这么说-“人受到黑色毒蜘蛛的伤害的风险（risk）微乎其微”。换一种环境，毒蜘蛛在罐子外面，那么，我们就需要把人可能受到毒蜘蛛伤害的风险（risk）等级给改掉，而且这是一种迫在眉睫的危险。